Do You Put A Period Before Or After Quotation Marks

Do You Put a Period Before or After Quotation Marks? The Definitive Guide

The placement of punctuation marks in relation to quotation marks is a common grammar point of contention, sparking debates among writers and editors alike. This seemingly simple question—"Do you put a period before or after quotation marks?"—actually depends on your style guide. This comprehensive guide will clarify the differences between American and British styles, helping you confidently punctuate your writing.

Understanding the Two Main Styles

There are two primary styles that dictate punctuation within quotations:

• American Style: In American English style, periods and commas always go inside the closing quotation marks, regardless of whether the quoted material is a complete sentence or a fragment.

• British Style: British English style places periods and commas outside the closing quotation marks, unless they are part of the original quoted material.

Examples Illustrating the Difference

Let's look at some examples to highlight the differences between these two styles:

American Style:

• "The cake is delicious," she said.
• He exclaimed, "Wow!"
• She asked, "What time is it?"

British Style:

• "The cake is delicious," she said.
• He exclaimed, "Wow!".
• She asked, "What time is it?".

Other Punctuation Marks: Semicolons, Colons, and Question Marks

The rules for semicolons and colons generally align with the American style; they are placed outside the closing quotation marks. However, question marks and exclamation points follow a slightly different rule depending on the context.

• If the entire sentence is a question or exclamation, the question mark or exclamation point goes outside the closing quotation marks: "Did you see that?" she asked. "That's amazing!" he shouted.

• If the quoted material itself is a question or exclamation, the punctuation mark goes inside the closing quotation marks: He asked, "Where are you going?" She yelled, "Look out!"

Choosing the Right Style and Maintaining Consistency

Consistency is key. Once you've chosen a style guide (American or British), stick to it throughout your entire document. Mixing styles is considered grammatically incorrect and can make your writing appear unprofessional.

Which Style Should You Use?

The choice of style largely depends on your target audience and publication guidelines. American style is generally preferred in the United States and often adopted in online publications and general writing. British style is commonly used in the United Kingdom and other regions that predominantly follow British English conventions. Always check the specific style guide provided by your publication, institution, or organization.

Key Takeaways:

• American Style: Periods and commas inside quotation marks.
• British Style: Periods and commas outside quotation marks (unless part of the original quote).
• Consistency is Crucial: Choose a style and remain consistent.
• Context Matters: Punctuation placement can vary depending on the sentence structure and the type of punctuation involved.

By understanding these rules and adhering to a consistent style, you can ensure your writing is clear, accurate, and professionally presented. Remember to always consult a reputable style guide for authoritative guidance.