How To Pull Wire Through 90 Degree Elbow

How to Pull Wire Through a 90-Degree Elbow: A Comprehensive Guide

Pulling wire through a 90-degree elbow can be tricky, even for experienced electricians. This seemingly simple task often presents unexpected challenges, leading to frustration and delays. This guide offers various techniques and helpful tips to make the process smoother and more efficient, whether you're working on a home renovation project or a larger-scale electrical installation. Understanding the best approach depends on several factors, including the type of wire, conduit size, and the accessibility of the elbow.

Why 90-Degree Elbows Are Challenging

The sharp bend of a 90-degree elbow creates friction and resistance, making it difficult for the wire to navigate the turn. The wire can get snagged, kinked, or even break, especially with stiffer conductors or smaller conduit. This is particularly problematic with longer runs or when dealing with multiple wires.

Essential Tools & Materials

Before you begin, gather the necessary tools. Having everything readily available will save you time and prevent unnecessary interruptions:

• Fish Tape: This is the most common tool for pulling wires, especially through elbows. Different types exist, including flexible, rigid, and those with a built-in light. Choose the appropriate size and type based on the conduit size and wire diameter.
• Wire: Ensure the wire is properly sized for the circuit and meets all relevant electrical codes.
• Conduit: The size and material of the conduit (PVC, EMT, etc.) will influence your wire-pulling technique.
• Lubricant: A wire lubricant, such as powdered graphite or a specialized wire pull lubricant, can significantly reduce friction.
• Gloves: Protect your hands.
• Flashlight: Helpful for inspecting the conduit and identifying obstructions.
• Wire Pulling Grip: For easier handling, especially with multiple wires.

Techniques for Pulling Wire Through a 90-Degree Elbow

Several methods can be employed to successfully pull wire through a 90-degree elbow:

1. The Fish Tape Method:

This is the most common approach.

• Insert the fish tape: Carefully feed the fish tape into the conduit from the accessible end, guiding it around the elbow. A little patience and a gentle hand are crucial here.
• Lubrication is key: Apply lubricant to the fish tape before insertion to minimize friction.
• Attach the wire: Once the fish tape emerges from the other end, securely attach the wire to the tape's end using a wire pulling grip.
• Pull the wire: Slowly and steadily pull the wire through the conduit. Avoid jerking or pulling too forcefully, as this can damage the wire or the conduit.

2. Using a Wire Snake:

Similar to the fish tape, but often more flexible and better suited for tighter bends or smaller conduits.

• Insertion and Lubrication: Follow the same principles as with the fish tape method.
• Attachment and Pulling: Attach the wire securely and pull it through gradually.

3. Multiple Short Pulls:

For particularly challenging bends, consider breaking the pull into smaller, more manageable segments. This reduces stress on the wire and makes the process less likely to result in kinks or breaks.

4. Pre-bending the wire (for flexible wires only):

For very flexible wires, you can slightly pre-bend the wire to help it navigate the 90-degree turn. This is not recommended for rigid conductors.

Troubleshooting Common Problems:

• Wire snags: Try using a smaller diameter fish tape or lubricant.
• Fish tape gets stuck: Try using a different type of fish tape or a different technique.
• Wire kinks: Use a wire lubricant and pull the wire slowly and steadily.
• Conduit obstructions: Inspect the conduit for any obstacles that might be impeding the wire's passage.

Safety Precautions:

• Always turn off the power to the circuit before working on any electrical wiring.
• Wear appropriate safety glasses and gloves.
• Be cautious when working with sharp tools.
• If you are unsure about any aspect of this process, consult a qualified electrician.

By following these techniques and safety precautions, you can successfully pull wire through a 90-degree elbow. Remember that patience and the right tools are key to a smooth and efficient operation. Proper preparation and a methodical approach will significantly increase your chances of success.